Experiencing second adolescence on your skin isn't all that rare. Dr Jean Ho, Consultant Dermatologist, Jean Ho Skin and Laser Clinic at Mount Elizabeth Medical Centre, Visiting Consultant to KK Women's and Children's Hospital, says that 75% of women she sees at her clinic suffer from acne.
There are two groups of adult acne sufferers: You either have acne from adolescence, or late-onset adult acne, which develops after years of unblemished skin. It's distressing either way, but you don't have to put up with it.
What's the reason it's coming back?
It's a combination of genes, hormones and environmental factors. The sebaceous glands are stimulated by androgens in our system to produce sebum. Increased production of oil causes clogged pores and breakouts. Medical conditions like PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome) can also cause a surge in androgens in the body.
Stress, lack of sleep and diet?
Stress increase sebum levels, and lack of sleep causes hormonal imbalance. There is scientific evidence that dairy products worsen acne. The testosterone-like hormone in milk influence acne. Fermentation during cheese production also results in increased testosterone production, say Dr Ho.
Foods with high glycaemic index (GI), like polished rice and refined sugar, worsen acne. These are digested rapidly, resulting in a surge of blood sugar levels. This causes a spike in blood insulin levels, which trigger the sebaceous glands to produce more sebum.
Skincare of makeup?
Moisturisers, foundation, sunscreens may clog pores and contribute to breakouts.
How can it be treated?
It depends on the severity of the acne.
Mild acne You have blackheads and whiteheads with a few small bumps. Treat with an over the counter glycolic acid or salicylic acid product.
Moderate acne You have many blackheads and whiteheads, and angry red bumps, some with pus. Use a salicylic acid product as well as benzoyl peroxide which kills acne-causing bacteria.
Severe acne Skin is red and inflamed with large nodules. There's risk of scarring if the infections spreads or deepens. You should consult your dermatologist right away for treatment. Do not attempt to self-medicate.
Can acne relapse?
Hormones, pregnancy, stress and lifestyles will have an impact on acne. Dr Ho says that a consistent and well-planned maintenance skin care program is the best way to keep acne at bay.
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